Post modern 4/14

• Post modernism
  
• pop is born
• Experimental alternative publishing
• push pin studios
  
• new wave typography
• wolfgang weingart
• Rosmiare Tissi
• Siegfried Odermatt
• April Grieman
• Paul Scher
• Charles Anderson
• Nevel Brody
• Jacques Derrida
• Ed fella
• David Carson
• Emigre
• Deconstruction
• Post structurlism
• Mau
• Challenging Heiarchies
• Benjamin Saviginac
• Jonathan Barnbrook

With the introduction to post modernism one sees designs shift, pop is born a concept that has never really been explored. Elvis, star trek and Marlin Monroe popular culture. Also in the 80s with the introduction of the computer so much became available to graphic designers. Everything became extraordinarily easy to do. Which has its good and bad pointsm sure everything is easier but now all that easy technology is introduced to people who dont know how to use. Just because you can do it doesnt mean that you should. Some much has come with these new technologies and so much is to come yet int the future. I look forward to what the future of graphic design holds and how it can contiue to change the world.

unit 3 4/7

• Hoffmann
• Brockman
• The swiss grid
• Paul Rand
• Lester Beal
• Saul Bass
• Thompson
• Cherymayeff
• Vignelli
• Knoll
• Henry Wolf
• Lois
• Photo-Typography
• Herb Lubalin

It will always amaze me how influential design can be on the society, entering into graphic design I would have never of guessed how substantial and influential this major really is. The change with the shell gas stations only prove the influence that design can cast. Going from a gas station that looked like it came out of a western movie to a hip modern gas station that looks like it came from the future. All of this change based on the design that is happening around it.

Discourse 2

Please count this Article as my second discourse

Name: Kelsey DeGenaro
Title: Univers: A New San Serif Type by Adrian Frutiger
Date Posted: Wednesday March 3
Time Posted: 12:32 AM

Unit 3 3/31

• Isotypes
• Neurath
• Modley
• Sutnar
• Walker Evans
  
• Beal
• Paul Rand
• Brodovitch
• Claude Shannon
• School of ULM
• Max Bill
• Theo Ballmer
• Anton Stankowski

Isotypes has had such a great effect on modern times. Modern isotypes and symbols are used everywhere you look. The most well known place is the bathroom sign. Something so simple can be sophisticated in communication and overall design. Life would not move quite as smoothly without the use of symbols and isotyopes. A new alphabet a whole new language. Early swiss design only strengthend what was already going on in the Bauhaus. It populirized it so it really took the world for storm. This is it this is whats new, so many influential designers have come from that time. Such as Paul rand for example. Where would we be without Pual Rand and Helvetica?

Video Games

As the Head of the Instrumentation Division at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Willy Higinbotham, invented the world's first video game Tennis for Two Video Game in 1958, to entertain visitors to the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The main purpose of video games is to entertain so I would say that he was very accurate in the purpose of video games. Higinbotham never pattend his video game so I suspect that did not think they would have such an impact on modern culture.

The Video game in the laws of media:
1. The video game enhances many different Human traits, a video game is of course visual so it enhances the sense of sight. I also think the video game help enhance touch with hand eye coordination that becomes apparent in most modern games. Now with the wii more and more becomes beneficial to humans, weight lost and excessive in now even available. The video game also helps the mind with memory and a form of education, games have been delveloped for schools such as reading rabbit and math blasters.
2. The video game was so new in its time that there was nothing like it technology wise. It would be hard to what type technology became obsolesce because of it but what types of activities have been replaced. Less and less children play outside and stay active to stay inside and play video games. Playing outside or playing board games has not become obsolesce but one could definitely say that they no longer see as many children outside as they used to. One negative aspect of this is the lack of exercise that children are receiving. Video games could be a direct contributor to obessity amoungst children.
3.Video games could very well be a revival of the board game. Its a form of interactive entertainment that has been improved uponed in a technological way. I still love to play board games with my faimly so I wouldn't that they were completly obsolese but they arent used as much. People love video games and I don't think there will ever be an end to them.
4.Video Games get blamed for a lot of things. I do not think the original inventor of the video game expected it to completly take control of some peoples lifes. Or take control of the main type of entertainment amongst children in this modern age. Video Games often gets blamed for the obisiety amoungst children like I stated above but, only partly. I think it is the parents responsibility to take the video game away fromt he children and make them play outside. Video games also get blamed for violence in people. Video games are violet but I dont think this has contributed to the violence of the population. Society has always been violent as long as history has accorded so the addition of the video games is irrelivant in that factor.

The laws make plenty of sense to the world around us. They can be applied to almost everything, so that directly shows how truthful they turn out to be. The laws were very relevant to the video game in many different ways. The video game replaced interactive entertainment as the laws basically said this sort of thing would happen. Will these sort of laws have potential to change me as a designer? Perhaps but only slightly, I think anysort of thing could come back or be popular weather the law states it or not.

After Bauhaus 3/3/10

• Dutch Modernism
• Paul Shoetma
• Hendrick N Werkman
• Piet Zwart
• Abraham Games, Jean Carlu, and Herbert Bayer
• Post Cubism Art Deco
• Futura
• AM Cassandre
• McKnight Kauffer
• Underground railway company
• Joseph Binder
• Schulz Neudamn
• Ludwig Hohlwien
• Propaganda ww2
• montgomery Flag
• Herbert Matter

Futura is my favorite typeface and it amazes me that it came out of a art period. It never dawned on me as much that typefaces themselves were directly influenced by the art movements that were going on amoung them. If Modernism never happend would Futura ever of happend would I not have my favorite typeface to design with now? Paul Shoetmais deffinietly an inspiration to me as a designer his work is amazing and he would have contiued to be amazing if it wasn't for the Nazis it makes me very sad that his life ended so short. The use of propaganda images and typograhy is amazing to me. It only proves more how typography can have a emotional effect on people. What would the difference have been if the NAZI party didnt have as good propaganda posters?

Univers: A New Sans Serif Type by Adrian Frutiger

Univers: A New Sans Serif Type by Adrian Frutiger
By: Emily Ruder

• Modern technical devices make it very easy to produce typefaces.
• Is the progress of mechanic typefounding equal to the visual aspect to handmade type.
• New Types are not intended to last.
• Every typographer can name classic fonts but don't know many new fonts.
• Every press works with one of more standard.
• It looks like our own age is attracted to ephemeral and aviods standard typefaces.
  
• Swiss Designer Adrian Frutiger worked in Paris to design a new san serif typeface
• Instead of adhering to conventional principles of construction Frutiger used forms which permit a rich interplay of visual effect.
  
• To emphasize the visual character of the letters the larger sizes are varied.
  
• The strokes are that are joined are slightly conical in shape.
• The height of capitals are varied.
• The upper parts of g, m, n, p, q are condenced.
• The lower parts of a, b, d, and u are expanded.
• The c is made narrower than o because the white space it makes makes it optically as broad.
• Frutiger's method of allowing all 21 sizes from the beginning was new.
• Univers was prepared in the first place for electric composing machine "Lumitype."
• Altogether there are 17,280 letters and punctuation marks.
  

Before I started at Ringling, I knew nothing about type. I did not know how long it took to make a font, or how many fonts there were. I did not know that comic sans was a horrible horrible type face. I actually thought I was being trendy by setting my birthday party invitations in Comics Sans. My type knowledge consisted only of comic sans, times new, and ariel, default faces. I certainly did not know about Univers, now one of my favorite faces. As a starting design student I was told that Papyrus was bad and Helvetica was good. It wasn't until the beginning of my sophmore that I learned more. I discovered Univers and its many different varities. Creating one opptical typeface is hard enough but create many many different varriations. I can only appriciate the time and work that Adrian Frutiger must have put into creating Univers. A wonderful typeface.

The Obscene Typography Machine

• Designers who overcome their computer phobia are mesmerized by the possibilities.
• Organizations with small budgets have easier access to better design.
• The ease of computer use put design in the hands of people who don't have any experience with typography.
• Powerful new software give the designer the power to flip, rotate, stretch and bend typography.
• Type is being distorted in violation of everything that has been learned in the past 500 years about making beautiful letter forms.
• Type designers optically adjust each letter form they design
• One reason a typeface is considered a masterpiece is because the designer achieved optical harmony, not mathematical.
• Suddenly in 1988 anyone with a Macintosh and the right software could wreak havoc on beautifully crafted forms.
• The impact of new graphic software is being called destructive typography.
• Tremendous capabilities are being put into the hands of people who dont know an ampersand from a hole in the ground.
  
• Though some equipment manufacturers and software developers have made efforts to to teach design many stay ignorant.
• The Obscene Typography machine can also be the sublime typography machine.
• It allows designers to explore concepts that would have taking much more time to accomplish.
• The obscene typography machine needs to be controlled or unimaginable atrocities will be among us.

In middle school print artist was my canvas and comic sans was my paint brush. So many possibilities were open to me, If I wanted to stretch my type to fit the page I could. If I want a justified column of 10 point type and 25 point letterspacing I could. The revolution of computers in graphic design is a great one it opened up so many possibilities for designers that would have taken them months to accomplish beforehand. I could not even imagine trying to design without a computer, I could not imagine what designer had to experience before the computer was invented. However, with the good there is an overwhelming amount of bad. Anyone who decided to call themselves a designer could. Moms, children, students, and the average joe took design programs and wreaked havoc. What many average people don't realize is that a type face takes many precious hours to design. Typographers adjust everything optically so it is nearly perfect to the eye. With people not realizing how precise a type design is they don't think twice about stretching and warping type. Just because you can doesn't mean you should. This bad type design is referred to as the obscene typography machine. As long as people stay ignorant about good design us who are educated will have to suffer. The computer is an amazing design aid but it needs to be used in the right way.

• De Stijl
• Gerrit Rietveld
• Theo van Doesburg
• El Lissitzkyy
• Peter Oud
• JJ Oud
• Bauhaus
• Herbert Bayer
• Walter Gropius
• Moholy Nagy

The Bauhaus next to Dada is one of my favorite movements in Graphic Design, I feel if I lived in Germany in that time I would have been a student at the bahaus. The pure function and design is truely inspirtational and so many modern designs are based off of the pieces that came out of the Bauhaus. It always makes me wonder what would have happend to the Bauhaus if it wasn't shut down by the Nazis during world war two. Would we have designs that we have yet to think of? Its turley and amazing thought.

Constructivism and De Stijl

• Kasimir Malevich
• Supermatism
• Rodchenko
• Constructivist
  
• El Lissitszky
• Photomantage
• Salomen Tellingater
• Prouns
• The Steinberg Brothers
• De Stijl
• Theo Van Doesburg
• Gerrit Rietveld

El Lissitsky is pivitol graphic designer of the period. His painting style known as Prous established modern enviormental design. He Formulates environment based on 3D
communication experience the way he worked and drafted with photos was truely amazing. The steinburg brothers were also amazing, the build on constructivist ideals and made the russan movie poster. They projected films and drafted from them. Its so creative and they embraced the fact that they drew and no longer photography. It was photography inspired but they were proud of them. Art movements change so easily with one persons ideas, its amazing how one idea can bring enire art movement into swing.

Unit 2 part 1

• Plakastil
• Cubism
• Lucian Bernhard
• Allie posters Vs. Central Powers
• Ludwig Holhwein
• Structural Linguistics
  
• Typographic Materiality
• Stephane Mallarme
• Similtaneity
• Synthetic Cubism
• Futurism
• Marinetti
• DADA
• Duchamp
• John Heartfeild
• George Grosz
• Kurt Schwitters
• Surrealism
• Max Ernst
• Rene Magritte
• Man Ray

I have always loved the art from DADA movement. It was really awesome learning how it started and the motivations behind the works. I never knew that the work was so political and they would even turn away artists who werent making a big enough statement. The exploration of expressive typography is also wonderful as a Graphic Designer myself I love seeing those sorts of posters and Typographic Materiality. I almost wish that I could be alive durning that period so I could experience these things first hand. I love experimenting with type in my typography class so I feel almost as if I belong in these sorts of movements. What would typography look like now if DADA never happend would someone else think of it, or was it the poltical rebellion the feul?

Class 1/27

• Victorian Graphics
• Chromolithography
• Lithographic Naturalism
• Louis Prang
• John Gamble
• Ottmar Mergenthler
• Editorial Design
  
• Political cartoons/ Thomas Nast
  
• Rise of Ad Agencies
  
• Arts and Craft Movement
• William Morris
• Total Design
• Kelmscott Press
• Art Nouveau
• Pre-Raphaelite Painting
• Ukiyo-E wood blocks
• Cheret and Grasset
• Aubrey Beardsley
• The Beggarstaffs
• Toulouse Lautrec
• Alphonse Mucha
• Will Bradly
• Gustav Klimt
• Koloman Moser/ Gesamkunstwerk
• Alfred Roller
• Joseph Hoffman
• Modernist Era
• Glasgow School
• Peter Behrens
• Railway Type/ Edward Johnson

It would have never had occurred to me that all of these artistic movements lead up to what graphic design it as we know it. Art Nouveau is one of the farthest things from graphic design that I can think of. Its so interesting to see the trace into color printing and how editorials can basically change the world. Or how one man could possibly create the concept holiday cards it all amazes me . The beginnings of what led to Design is truly amazing and lends to so many contributors. It makes me think how much one mans idea can change the future.

Unit 1 Part 1 & 2

Key Points

• Earliest pictorial markings Africa 35,000 BC
  
• Ideographs and Pictographs
• Invention of writing brought about intellectual revolution
• Cuneiform is the first phonetic writing system
• Egyptian Invention of Papyrus and first “Illustrated Manuscripts”.
• Logograms
• Invention of printing 860AD
  
• Movable type 1045AD
• Phoenician Greek and Latin Alphabet
• Uncials 3rd Cen. AD
• Latin Alphabet 1st Serifs on Trajan Column
• Square Capitals and Rustic Capitals
• Codex
• Celtic Book Design, first drafting tools used
  
• Black Letter
• Block Book
• Gutenberg's Printing press and Textur
• Albrecht Durer
• Renaissance type prototype
• Aldus Manutius, Italics, pocket book
• Claude Garamond
• Transitional
• Louis Simonneau’s master alphabets
• Modern Type Bidoni and Dibot
• Monster Type, Slab Serif
• Fat Face Letters novelty of type
• San Serif William Caslon the IV

Its very interesting to think about where the written alphabet has come from and how advanced that it has gotten. I can simple understand the symbols that I am typing right now. It really boggles my mind to think about the progression of type and all the thought that must have gone into creating a very first language and not simply learning it. After a concrete alphabet is established it can not be left at that, designer's push boundaries to see far they can take the alphabet and that is when something so basic as communication becomes art. It makes me wonder where I would be right now if there was only one typeface out there. Would graphic design still exist? Or would the alphabet just be a form of communication?